Stemborer, Thrips and Hispa:

• Spray monocrotophos @ 36 SL 1.6 ml or chlorpyriphos 20 EC @ 2.5 ml or phosphamidon 40 SL@ 2.0 ml/litre of water.
Gallmidge:
• Apply phorate 10G @ 12.5 kg/ha or carbofuran 3 G @ 25 kg/ha at 15 DAT in 1– 2 inches of standing water.
Leaf folder:
• Spray profenophos @ 2.0 ml or chlorpyriphos @ 2.5 ml or monocrotophos 36 SL @ 1.6 ml/litre of water.
Hispa:
• Spray profenophos @ 2.0 ml or chlorpyriphos @ 2.5 ml or monocrotophos @1.6 ml/litre of water
Leaf mite:
• Dicofol @ 5.0 ml or wettable sulphur @ 3 g /l of water.

1. Plant protection measures are of two types

• Cultural practices
• Chemical control

2. Chemical control Practices can be done at different stages of crop growth like Tillering stage, Panicle initiation to booting stage, Post flowering.

• Avoid moisture stress at tillering, panicle initiation, flowering and grain filling stages.

• A thin film of water (2-3 cm) should be maintained at the time of weedicide application and should not be drained upto one week.

• Maintain water level at 5 cm depth during first seven days after planting and thereafter up to completion of tillering at 2-3 cm depth.

• Maintain water level at 5 cm depth from panicle initiation to grain maturity.

• Drain the water before fertilizer application.

• Drain the field one week before harvest.

• Avoid moisture stress at tillering, panicle initiation, flowering and grain filling stages.

• A thin film of water (2-3 cm) should be maintained at the time of weedicide application and should not be drained upto one week.

• Maintain water level at 5 cm depth during first seven days after planting and thereafter up to completion of tillering at 2-3 cm depth.

• Maintain water level at 5 cm depth from panicle initiation to grain maturity.

• Drain the water before fertilizer application.

• Drain the field one week before harvest.

• In zinc deficient endemic areas like saline and alkaline soils, low lying fields, recently levelled fields and fields which received large quantities of organic materials with wider C: N ratio like paddy straw, basal application of 50 kg zinc sulphate/ha once in three crop seasons is suggested as a prophylactic measure.

• In other fields, if zinc deficiency is observed, spraying of 0.2% zinc sulphate solution thrice at 5 days interval is advocated.

a) Nursery

• Basal fertilization with 0.5 kg of `N’; 0.5 kg of `P’ and 0.5 Kg of `K’ per every 100 sq.mt is required to get robust seedlings, followed by another 0.5 kg `N’ at 12 days after sowing.

• Spray ZnSO4 @ 2.0 g /l for correction of Zinc deficiency if deficiency is observed.

• Spray 5-10 g ferrous sulphate (or) ferrous ammonium sulphate with 0.5 to 1.0 gram of citric acid per litre of water to correct Iron deficiency in the nursery crop.

b) Main field

• Weed growth should be checked during first four weeks after transplanting (two hand weeding at 20 and 40 days after transplanting).

• Application of Butachlor @ 1.25 l/acre (or) Pretilachlor @ 600 ml (or) Anilophos @ 500 ml /acre by mixing 25 kg of sand when monocot and sedges dominate at 3-5 DAT in thin film of water to control grasses and sedges effectively.

• If Echinocloa is a problem, apply Benthiocarb @ 1.25 l/acre.

• To control broad-leaved weeds, apply 2,4 –DEE granules @ 8-10 kg/acre at 3-5 DAT.

• Ploughing should be followed by puddling ten days before transplanting and then followed by perfect levelling.

• Normally 33 hills/ sq.mt. (20 x 15 cm) is optimum plant density for heavy and fertile soils.

• In light and sub marginal soils a spacing of 15 x 15 cm (44 hills/sq.mt.) may be adopted.

• In delayed conditions, adopt 44 hills/sq.mt.

• In order to reduce the weed growth and for better water management, good levelling of the main field has to be followed.

1. Time of Sowing nursery :

Nursery sowing can be done up to July 15th.

2. Seed rate for Nursery:

• For transplanting 20-25 Kg,

• For dry seed nurseries 25-30 Kg,

• For Direct seeding (in deltas) 16-20 Kg,

• For Direct Seeding with Gorru 30-35 Kg,

• For SRI method 2 Kg per acre is required.

The districts covered under North Coastal Zone of Andhra Pradesh are:

• Srikakulam

• Vijayanagaram

• Vishakapatnam

1. Harvesting should be done when at least 75% of the grains are matured. If the crop is harvested without proper maturity it leads to loss of viability of grains.

2. The harvested material should be dried in the field for 2-3 days.

3. The grain should be free from inert material after threshing and winnowing.

4. The winnowed grains should be sun dried until the moisture content reaches less than 13%.

5. Both over drying and under drying will lead to breakage of the grain during processing.

1. Rodent control for endemic areas:

• Destruction of rodent harborage and observe rat movement.

• Reducing the number and size of field bunds .

• Complete the sowing and planting uniformly in one area.

• From puddling to one month after planting, setup local traps @ 20 /acre.

BPH/WBPH:

• The insecticides as recommended at boot stage should be used.

Cutworm:

• Irrigate the field and spray in the evening hours with any of the following combinations, dichlorvos @ 1.0 ml + endosulfan @ 2.0 ml (or) dichlorovos 1.0 ml + chlorpyriphos 2.5 ml/litre of water.

BPH/WBPH:

• Spray acephate @ 1.5 g or monocrotophos @ 2.2 ml or ethofenprox @ 2.0 ml or fenobucarb @ 2.0 ml or imidacloprid @ 0.25 ml or thiamethoxam @ 0.2 g or Buprofuzin 1.6ml per litre of water.

• Spray fluid (200 litres/acre) should be directed towards the base of the plant.

• Avoid spraying of combination of insecticides and synthetic pyrethroids.

• If second spray is warranted alternate the previous chemical preferably belonging to another group.

Stemborer:

Stemborer, Thrips and Hispa:

• Spray monocrotophos @ 36 SL 1.6 ml or chlorpyriphos 20 EC @ 2.5 ml or phosphamidon 40 SL@ 2.0 ml/litre of water.

Gallmidge:

• Apply phorate 10G @ 12.5 kg/ha or carbofuran 3 G @ 25 kg/ha at 15 DAT in 1– 2 inches of standing water.

Leaf folder:

• Spray profenophos @ 2.0 ml or chlorpyriphos @ 2.5 ml or monocrotophos 36 SL @ 1.6 ml/litre of water.

Hispa:

1. Plant protection measures are of two types

• Cultural practices.

• Chemical control.

2. Chemical control Practices can be done at different stages of crop growth like Tillering stage, Panicle initiation to booting stage, Post flowering.

• Avoid moisture stress at tillering, panicle initiation, flowering and grain filling stages.

• A thin film of water (2-3 cm) should be maintained at the time of weedicide application and should not be drained up to one week.

• Maintain water level at 5 cm depth during first seven days after planting and there after up to completion of tillering at 2-3 cm depth .

• Maintain water level at 5 cm depth from panicle initiation to grain maturity.

• Drain the water before fertilizer application.

a) Fertilizer recommendation for nursery

• Basal fertilization with 0.5 kg of `N’; 0.5 kg of `P’ and 0.5 Kg of `K’ per every 100 sq.mt is required to get robust seedlings, followed by another 0.5 kg `N’ at 12 days after sowing.

• Spray ZnSO4 @ 2.0 g /l for correction of Zinc deficiency if deficiency is observed.

• Spray 5-10 g ferrous sulphate (or) ferrous ammonium sulphate with 0.5 to 1.0 gram of citric acid per litre of water to correct Iron deficiency in the nursery crop.

• Weed growth should be checked during first four weeks after transplanting (two hand weeding at 20 and 40 days after transplanting).

• Application of Butachlor @ 1.25 l/acre (or) Pretilachlor @ 600 ml (or) Anilophos @ 500 ml /acre by mixing 25 kg of sand when monocot and sedges dominates at 3-5 DAT in thin film of water to control grasses and sedges effectively.

• If Echinocloa is a problem apply Benthiocarb @ 1.25 l/acre.

• To control broad-leaved weeds, apply 2,4 –DEE granules @ 8-10 kg/acre at 3-5 DAT.

• Ploughing followed by puddling ten days before transplanting and by following perfect leveling.

• Normally 33 hills/ sq.mt. (20 x 15 cm) is optimum plant density for heavy and fertile soils.

• In light and sub marginal soils a spacing 15 x 15 cm (44 hills/sq.mt.) may be adopted.

• In delayed conditions, adopt 44 hills/sq.mt.

• In order to reduce the weed growth and for better water management, good leveling of the main field has to be followed.